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The Ministry of Petroleum (MoP) ((ペルシア語:وزارت نفت) ''Vezârat-e Naft'') manages the oil industry, the producer of oil and petrochemical products. MoP is in charge of all issues pertaining to exploration, extraction, exploitation, distribution and exportation of crude oil and oil products. In addition, according to the "(Imports and Exports Regulation Act )", issuing import licenses for such products is also among the functions of the Ministry of Petroleum.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=irantradelaw.com )〕 According to BP, Iran's has of proven oil reserves and 29.61 trillion cubic meters of proven gas reserves. Iran ranks third in the world in oil reserves and second in gas reserves.〔http://www.presstv.com/detail/156997.html〕 According to the Fourth Economic, Social and Cultural Development Plan, the Government has been required to transfer at least 10% of the activities related to the exploration, extraction and production of crude oil to the private sector, while in the meantime retaining its ownership of oil resources. This is also the case in other fields of the Ministry of Petroleum's activities.〔 Iran plans to invest $500 billion in the oil sector until 2025.〔(Iran Daily - Domestic Economy - 04/24/08 )〕 As of 2010, $70 billion worth of oil and gas projects are under construction.〔 Iran's annual oil and gas revenues will reach $250 billion by 2015.〔(Mehr News Agency: Iran eyes $250 billion annual revenue in 5 years ) Retrieved 22 December 2010〕 ==Constitution== The Iranian constitution prohibits the granting of petroleum rights on a concessionary basis or direct equity stake. However, the 1987 Petroleum Law permits the establishment of contracts between the ministry, state companies and "local and foreign national persons and legal entities." Buyback contracts, for instance, are arrangements in which the contractor funds all investments, receives remuneration from the National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC) in the form of an allocated production share, then transfers operation of the field to NIOC after a set number of years, at which time the contract is completed. Since the 1979 revolution in Iran, the country has been under constant US unilateral sanctions. The first U.S. sanctions against Iran were formalized in November 1979, and during the hostage crisis, many sanctions were leveled against the Iranian government. By 1987 the import of Iranian goods into the United States had been banned. In 1995, President of the United States Bill Clinton issued Executive Order 12957,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Iran Sanctions )〕 banning U.S. investment in Iran's energy sector, followed a few weeks later by Executive Order 12959〔 eliminating all trade and investment and virtually all interaction between the United States and Iran. Specifically the ministry has been on the sanction list of the European Union since 16 October 2012. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ministry of Petroleum (Iran)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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